The Inca Trail starts in the Sacred Valley and finishes at the magical and fascinating ruins of Machu Picchu.  Along the route you will encounter stunning mountain views, cloud forests and high altitude moorlands.  The average time to complete this trek is a total of four days.

Another option is to take a longer holiday to experience the Ballestas Islands, marvel at the Nazac Lines and watch the condors soar in the Colca Canyon before heading to Lake Titicaca.  This holiday also includes the Inca Trail trek as its finale.  It is also possible to combine mountain biking, hiking and rafting to reach Machu Picchu to create a more varied ascent and descent.

Of course you could also consider trekking in the breathtaking Amazon rainforest, or combine it with other sights and activities in the country.  Peru has so much to offer that many tour operators who specialise in adventure breaks have combinations of various destinations and activities to ensure that all tastes are catered for.

This country is truly a place of outstanding beauty, with such a vast array of landscape and scenery you will never see the same view twice.

Namibia has grown steadily as a relatively recent safari destination, and has some of the biggest nature reserves on the continent.

India is a good place to go if you are enamoured of tigers.  The Ranthambore National Park in Rajasthan and the Bandhavgarh National Park in Madhya Pradesh are especially well stocked with wildlife and probably the most popular with tourists for animals such as tigers and elephants.

Canada is mostly a wilderness when the total land area is compared with the population distribution, and this is great for nature lovers.  Churchill is the best wildlife and nature destination here, and the polar bears are a particularly popular tourist attraction.  There is also bird and whale-watching on offer in Churchill, and brilliant displays of the Northern Lights.

Turkey is a country that has arrived only fairly recently on the international tourism scene but has fast become one of the top hotspots for nature and wildlife lovers.  It also represents excellent value for money in tough financial times.  There are many parks and nature reserves in Turkey and Antalya on the Mediterranean coast makes an excellent base for exploring protected areas.  As does Ciglikara Nature Reserve and Termessos National Park with its ancient ruins, mountain goats and other attractions, and the weather of course is idyllic.

There are many beautiful areas to explore, the most popular being the Okavango Delta, the Chobe and Moremi National Parks. Here you will discover game reserves with thriving populations of lions, cheetahs, crocodiles, hippos, elephants, zebras and more.

Safaris can take on many forms, so there is plenty of choice for the visitor. The majestic creatures of Botswana can be viewed by air, land and water. If you are very keen to experience a close-up encounter with any particular species, it is wise to do your research beforehand for the best areas and safari operators to choose from. For example, elephant spotting is often most successful in the Chobe National Park and there are safaris tailored specifically for viewing this species.

Botswana has a wet and a dry season, both of which are good for viewing wildlife. The dry period is best for seeing animals as they congregate around water sources and the wet season is ideal for discovering the bird species of Botswana.

At the end of a hot day on safari, you want to know that the accommodation is of a good standard. The choices in Botswana are decent and there is something for all budgets. Choose from opulent safari lodges with maid service and fine dining, to romantic retreats with excellent personal service or more basic mobile safaris with tents or dormitory style accommodation.

Alaska is dotted with small towns that have plenty old world charm, like Skagway, a popular tour stop-off. The gateway to the Klondike, Skagway is famous for being the town at the centre of the Gold Rush, and the picturesque streets are brimming with history, from the architecture to the museums to the bustling night-life which is still reminiscent of the boomtown crowds, with plenty of bar-room pianos tinkling away into the night. Nestled in the mountains, Skagway is the perfect gateway for hiking trips through the impressive natural landscape.

Any nature lovers travelling to Alaska will want to see the world-famous glaciers and fjords, and most escorted tours will include the chance to cruise past these immense natural structures. Many cruise ships take in the impressive Hubbard Glacier, Alaska’s only advancing glacier. Cruising alongside its five-mile face is an experience you are unlikely to forget. There’s also Glacier Bay, a national park with tidewater glaciers and dotted with scenic coastal islands. Here, it’s the marine life that’s thriving, so aim those binoculars downwards and look out for any sprays of water that might betray the presence of a humpback whale.

If cruising past is not enough and you want to get a little closer to the wildlife, then a trip to the Alaska Wildlife Conservation Centre, on the shores of Turnagain Arm, could be just the thing for you. The centre houses orphaned animals in the process of being rehabilitated. It is open to visitors so you can get right up close to the moose, musk ox and bears housed there.

Alaska is the ideal picture-perfect region for nature enthusiasts with a taste for the wild. With its sprawling mountain ranges, glittering glaciers, rocky coastal shores and an abundance of arctic wildlife, your Alaskan escorted tour will ensure you get the most out of your trip, from hiking with your expert guide to fishing freshwater salmon, high-powered adventure to low-key cruising, fine dining to campfire roasts, and all with accommodation and travel included. All you need to do is pack your camera, plenty of warm clothes and lots of film. Alaska awaits!

But there is an alternative to waiting until next year for those who need a little pick me up. The Canary Islands make an excellent destination for sun seekers throughout the autumn and winter, due to their year round warm climate. Even in the middle of December, the islands bask in sunshine with temperatures reaching at least 20ºC on average. Lanzarote, as the eastern most and driest of the seven islands, has its fair share of clear blue skies and sun.

The size of the island makes it easy to negotiate, which adds to the popularity of Lanzarote car hire for many visitors. And with lower rental costs and petrol costs as well, driving around the island is probably the best way to see it. Nor is there a shortage of sights worth visiting. The number one attraction is the volcano park at Timanfaya, but only slightly less popular are several other places designed by a locally born artist that are well worth a visit.

Such as the Jameos del Agua and the Cactus Garden, both creations of César Manrique. So influential was this native artist that the whole way in which tourism has been developed was shaped by his vision for Lanzarote. As a result, there are no advertising billboards nor tall buildings on the island. Uniformity has been created by using whitewashed walls and volcanic stone, even in the construction of most Lanzarote hotels.

These constraints have left the island in a pristine state, with very little to spoil the views from any of the main resorts or out in the countryside. And the natural landscapes that make the island so unique are unblemished and unchanged from how they looked a hundred years ago. One of the few areas where there has been rapid change recently, is in the newest resort of Playa Blanca. And even here, where many of the best Playa Blanca villas can be found as holiday accommodation construction still follows the same principles of low rise buildings and whitewashed walls. Add to this the many gorgeous beaches that Lanzarote has dotted around its coastline and it is easy to understand why the island continues to attract many thousands of visitors each year.

People who go trekking the Inca trail to Machu Picchu experience various types of landscape from lush river valleys, high desert plains to the amazing Andean tropical rainforest. Visitors have the opportunity to explore numerous Incan sites, each of which was built by this primitive, but highly intelligent civilization.

Incans-Master Artisans

The Incans constructed cities over 500 years ago, using architectural techniques so precise, that the structures remain largely intact in spite of earthquakes and storms. Trekking the Inca trail, you’ll get the opportunity to  observe huge stones that fit together as nicely as the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. Some of the structural walls contain a type of mortar to hold the stones in place, but other walls contain stones so precisely cut, not even a thin piece of paper could fit between them.

The Inca’s unique plumbing system included cutting channels through the stone to divert mountain spring water to every residence and to the terraced fields of crops they farmed. Incans built the cities according to the geological lay of the land and a network of roadways connected them. However, why this civilization chose to build a city almost 9,000 feet above sea level remains a mystery.

Machu Picchu

Trekking the Inca trail to Machu Picchu is no easy task and experienced hikers advise travelers to begin getting into shape at least two months in advance. Climbing steep pathways and carrying 30-pound backpacks in a high altitude environment presents a daunting challenge. Yet, somehow the Inca’s who constructed Machu Picchu found a way to carry stones that weighed up to 60 tons in these same conditions.

With no known draft animals or evidence of machinery to mine and relocate the materials, the construction of Machu Picchu is a true mystery. Containing well over 100 structures, the lost city includes agricultural and industrial complexes, homes, temples and public meeting areas. There is no known record to clarify why the Inca’s built Machu Picchu and what determined their reasons for choosing this location.

Some speculate that the site was built as a royal fortress for an emperor. Some believe the city was a military stronghold, while others presume Machu Picchu to be a tribute to the Inca sun god. Each of these theories present a realistic possibility, but it is likely that we will never know for sure. Nevertheless, in spite of the intellectual prowess of this civilization, they mysteriously disappeared within a century’s time.

The Pilgrimage to Machu Picchu

Though locals were aware of the hidden city, Machu Picchu was unknown to the world until American historian Hiram Bingham explored the site in the early 1900’s. Since then, hundreds of thousands have made the trek high into the mountains to experience the wonders of this amazing place. Some believe that Machu Picchu is surrounded by a geological magnetic field. The structures remain undamaged after hundreds of years and many visitors claim to have felt strange vibrations in the stones.

Various guided tours are available for trekking the Inca trail to Machu Picchu. Individuals have the option of boarding trains and shuttle buses to the main entrance or spending up to a week hiking and camping in the area. The best time of year to visit is between April to October, before the start of the rainy season. It is necessary to make arrangements months in advance as the destination is very popular and limited to no more than 500 visitors per day.

Below you will find my top 5 picks for the best backpacking adventure in the United States.

#5 – Appalachian Trail

From Georgia to Maine, the Appalachian Trail is a classic place to go backpacking. It is steeped in history and the Appalachian mountains are both beautiful and inspiring. It is also one of the safest places for hiking in America with clearly marked trails and signs for scenic views, lodging, and camping. Whether you decide to visit for a week, or if you intend to thru-hike the entire trail, a backpacking adventure here will leave you with a lasting memory.

#4 – Glacier National Park

Located near the border of Canada in the state of Montana is one of the most pristine areas of wilderness left in the United States: Glacier National Park. This vast 1 million acre land reserve is home to hundreds of unique species of animals, and backpacking here will allow you to experience the west the way that Lewis and Clark did. The park contains two different mountain ranges and over 100 named lakes. It is a place that every outdoorsman and nature lover should see at least once in their life.

#3 – Grand Canyon

Considerably one of the most notable geographical features on Earth, people from all over the world travel to the Grand Canyon to witness it’s awe-inspiring beauty. But many people don’t take the opportunity to explore possibly the best part of the Canyon, it’s interior. One amazing sight that cannot go without mention are the blue green waters of Havasu falls. There’s no doubt, a backpacking adventure in the Grand Canyon is one of the best in the United States.

#2 – Yellowstone National Park

When it was first signed into law in 1872, Yellowstone was the first national park in the entire world. Across the over 2 million acres of the park lie more than 1,100 miles of backpacking trails. With geothermal hot springs and over 300 geysers, Yellowstone has one of the most unique landscapes on Earth. There are many amazing natural wonders worth exploring on a trip here, all of which will provide for an exciting backpacking trip.

#1 – Yosemite National Park

Yosemite is one of the biggest habitat sections in the Sierra Nevada supporting a wide variety of different plants and animals. Over 3 million people travel to this awe-inspiring park located in Central California ever year. There are over 800 miles of trails here, many of which are the most challenging you’ll find in the western hemisphere. From single day hikes to multi-day backpacking adventures, Yosemite National Park is the perfect place to explore the great western wilderness. Check out this related article for more information: Backpacking in Yosemite.

Well there you have it, 5 of my favorite backpacking trips in the United States. All of the places we looked at today are an exciting place for an adventurous vacation.

The Nile River was pivotal to the ancient Egyptian civilization and still plays a vitally important role in the region. It was and still is used to carry commercial goods to the towns and cities on its banks. It allows civilization to thrive in the notorious Sahara desert, which would otherwise be inhospitable. Some of the many cities located on the Nile include Luxor (formerly known as Thebes), Cairo, Giza, Aswan, and Khartoum.

Cruises on the Nile river will allow you to see some of Egypt’s most awe-inspiring sights from the comfort of a cruise cabin. The Nile River is the world’s longest and traveling down this historic river is an unforgettable experience. There are many different companies and many different ships that offer Nile River cruises. Today we’re going to look at two of the most popular.

Oberoi Philae Nile River Cruise

Considered one of the most luxurious ships cruising the nile, the Oberoi Philae Cruise allows you to view the Nile from a well-conditioned cabin. Each cabin contains a unique old-world charm, along with private balconies for witnessing this amazing region. The Oberoi Philae with its 54 charming cabins, boasts old-world charm, yet provides all the modern amenities you could ever need.

Stays on the Oberoi Philae are booked for 7 days / 6 nights or 5 days / 4 nights depending on your schedule and preference. The most notable destinations you will visit on this ship include the Karnak and Luxor temples,both of which are over 3000 years old. You will also have the opportunity to see the famous valley of the Kings, the temple of Edfu, and the Philae temple.

The Oberoi Philae is definitely one of the nicest nile river cruise ships available to travelers. It has won the Conde Nast Traveler, best Five Star Cruiser in Egypt, and the most environmentally friendly cruise ship on the Nile. It’s easy to see why this nile river cruise is one of the best.

Sonesta Moon Goddess Nile River Cruise

Sonesta is renowned for their immaculate fleet of ships, all of which are rated 5 star and offer for a luxurious vacation. The Sonesta Moon Goddess is one of the most popular and it features comfortable accomodations comparable to the classiest resort. There are 49 quaint cabins on the Moon Goddess, each featuring a private telephone, mini-bar, flat screen television, and private balcony.

Dine on freshly prepared authentic Egyptian cuisine and enjoy the wonderful entertainment that comes standard on the Oberoi Philae. At sun-down this riverboat becomes a floating amusement park with a discotheque, full bar,and comfortable lounge.

While traveling on the Moon Goddess you will visit classic Egyptian locations like the Temple of Kom Ombo which served the two gods Sobek and Haeroris. You will also visit High Dam, the Temple of Philae, Karnak, and Luxor, all of which served important roles in ancient Egyptian culture. There’s no doubt about it, taking a nile river cruise on the Moon Goddess will be one of the most memorable experiences of your life.

These are just two of the many amazing boats that operate on the Nile river. There are many more accomodating ships worth checking out. No matter which one you choose, taking a nile river cruise will be an exciting, adventurous trip and one you’ll be sure to remember.

Backpacking in South America is one of the best ways to experience all the sights, sounds, and culture of the country. With so many different regions, deciding where to take your backpacking trip can be a challenge. Below you will find a few of the most popular destinations for backpacking South America:

Machu Picchu – Peru

Located on a mountainside overlooking the Urubamba Valley of Peru, Machu Picchu is one of the most traveled tourist destinations on Earth. Built around 1450 AD this iconic Incan estate was left abandoned less than 100 years later upon the arrival of the Spanish Conquistadors to the region. It was largely unknown to the rest of the world until being discovered in 1911. It has been a highly traveled tourist destination ever since.

Trekking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu will require a few different things, most importantly a permit if you plan to follow the Inca trail. Because of the sites popularity permits are limited to 500 per day for visits via the Inca trail. However, you may consider following the Lares Trek which doesn’t require permits and offers equally impressive sights along the way. No matter which path you plan to take, Machu Picchu is one place you don’t want to miss.

Igauzu Falls – Argentina & Brazil

Located on the border of Argentina and Brazil lies one of the most spectacular sights you will ever get the opportunity lay eyes on: IgauzuFalls. Considered a wonder of the natural world, Igauzu Falls is found in a perfectly preserved ecosystem protected by both the Argentine and Brazilian governments.

Backpacking through the surrounding jungle will allow you to catch many different viewpoints of the falls. Because the area around the falls is protected, it’s the perfect place to explore the unique landscape and wildlife of the region. Although pictures don’t do this place justice, bring your camera anyway as you’ll be sure to capture an array of spectacular photos.

Kenya and Tanzania are two of the most popular destinations for enjoying an east African safari. The Serengeti National Park in Tanzania and the Masai Mara in Kenya attract crowds of tourists every year. The annual migration from the Serengeti to the Masai Mara is a truly spectacular sight where over two million wild animals cross over in search of better grazing grounds.

Serengeti National Park

Masai Mara

The Masai Mara is a large game reserve and is considered a continuation of Serengeti National park. It is located in the south-western region of Kenya and is well known for its large population of Big Cats. People from all over the world travel here to embark on a Kenya wildlife safari and witness the animals which call the Masai Mara home. This includes, Wildebeests, Zebras, Rhinos, Lions, Leopards, and Cheetahs just to name a few. This is one of the best places for an east African safari because the game wardens here patrol regularly to protect the wildlife from poachers.

When you go on an east African safari, you’ll be traveling in undeveloped areas, isolated from the modern world. Being prepared will help ensure both the safety and comfort of your trip.

First, the climate can be very hot during the day and very cold at night. You will want to bring loose fitting, light colored clothes and sturdy hiking boots or walking shoes. It is also recommended that you bring some high quality sunglasses and a wide brimmed hat to protect yourself from the sun. All of these things will make your east African safari much more comfortable and enjoyable.

Safety is another major concern while traveling here. However rare it may be, connecting with nature comes with the inherent risk of animal attack. So, don’t get out of your vehicle to get a closer look at a pride of lions! Use your binoculars if you want a better view. Always listen to your guide. He is there to educate you, but he will also help you avoid any dangerous situations.

The right frame of mind will allow you to have the best safari experience possible. Realizing that the local people here live a much different lifestyle than our own will go a long way. They are very in touch with nature and their lives revolve around the conservation of their land. Photography is the best way to capture the essence of these animals but it’s very important to never get too close. Not only does it put you in danger, but it also upsets the natural balance between man and beast.

Taking an east African safari will leave you with memories that you’ll never forget and provide you with a unique insight to a place so very much different from our own.